Saturday, January 11, 2014

January 12, 2014 - Epiphany 1

Berceuse - Louis Vierne
Gloria: "Qui sedes" - Francis Poulenc
Hodie: "The Blessed Son of God"
                                                   - Ralph Vaughan Williams


Hymns: #35 Mighty Savior, #120 Solemnis Haec Festivus # 444 Thornbury
 

The music this week is taken from the late Romantic period. Two of the pieces are from France and the third England. The harmonic language of these pieces is lush and beautiful flowing from powerful blocks of sound to soft chromatic lines.

Louis Vierne (1870-1937) was a blind organist, composer and teacher in Paris. Vierne was educated at the National Institute for Blind Youths in Paris where he received organ instruction from Cesar Franck. He later entered the Paris Conservatoire where he continued his studies with Charles-Marie Widor. In 1900 Vierne was named interim organist at Notre Dame and was appointed to the position after winning a competition for the job. In addition to his duties at Notre Dame, Vierne toured as a concert organist in the United States playing many important venues including the mammoth Wanamaker organ in Philadelphia. This trip was physically taxing and to make matters worse he went through a bitter divorce, suffered the loss of his son and brother in World War I and the loss of his mother. On June 2, 1937 as Vierne was beginning an improvisation at a recital at Notre Dame the leaned forward on the bench and his foot struck the low “e” pedal. He had suffered a heart attack or stroke. He died on the bench of the organ that had been so influential throughout his lifetime. Berceuse is taken from his Op. 31, 24 Pièces en style libre, a collection of pieces that are suitable for organ or harmonium. The pieces in this collection are layed out like Bach’s Well Tempered Clavier moving, in order, through the major and minor keys. This piece, dedicated to Vierne’s daughter is a gentle lullaby that seems appropriate in this early part of the Epiphany season.

The Poulenc Gloria was dedicated to the memory of Sergei and Nathalie Koussevitzky, the former music director of the Boston Symphony Orchestra and his wife. Koussevitzky was responsible for commissioning many works including Stravinsky's Symphony of Psalms and Ravel's arrangement of Pictures at an Exhibition. The text Qui sedes ad dexteram patris is the final movement of this work. The text is translated as You sit at the right hand of the Father. This movement features a soprano solo, premiered by Adele Addison (b. 1925) who is best known as the voice of Bess in the movie version of Porgy and Bess. The piece opens with an exuberant statement from the altos and tenors interrupted by huge crashing chords that will continue to punctuate the piece. After the free opening section the orchestra (organ in our performances) bursts through with rhythmic drive pushing ahead with a running bass line. This is interrupted by the soprano soloist singing an “Amen”. The choir enters this time with a slow chromatic line accompanied by lush harmonies in the strings. This new idea continues to the end with echoes of the opening motive returning at the close of the piece.

The communion anthem is taken from Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872-1958) cantata Hodie. This work was composed for the Three Choirs Festival of 1954 and premiered under the baton of the composer on September 8 at Worcester Cathedral. The work is scored for soprano, tenor, and baritone soloist with mixed choir, boys choir, orchestra and organ. The Blessed Son of God is the sixth movement from this work and is labeled “Choral.” It is a translation of a choral by Martin Luther included in Bach’s Christmas Oratorio.  This a cappella setting uses language that harmonically fits in with Vaughan William’s vernacular.

These pieces each express different aspects of modern compositional  style and rich harmonic langue. In addition to this, the prelude and communion anthem paint a vivid picture of the yng Crist as he grows strong and begins his ministry

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